Posisi Nilai Tukar Petani Padi dengan Nilai Tukar Petani Komoditas Pangan

Authors

  • Achadyah Parabawati Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Akuntansi (STIA) Pembangunan Jember

Abstract

Abstrak

Salah satu alat ukur daya beli petani yang mencerminkan tingkat kesejahteraan petani adalah Nilai Tukar Petani (NTP). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perkembangan posisi Nilai Tukar Petani Padi dan Nilai Tukar Petani komoditas pangan lain di Indonesia, mengetahui penghitungan Nilai Tukar Petani Padi dan menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap Nilai Tukar Petani Padi. Penelitian dilakukan di Kabupaten Jember, Jawa Timur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa NTP Padi mengalami peningkatan dan dalam posisi lebih tinggi dari pada NTP komoditas pangan yang lain, sedangkan NTP komoditas pangan lain (Jagung, Kedelai, Ubi kayu dan Ubi jalar) mengalami penurunan. Rata-rata NTP Padi di Kabupaten Jember sebesar 203 dengan kisaran antara 16 hingga 392. NTP terendah terjadi karena luas lahan sangat sempit yaitu 0,13 Ha dan kebutuhan untuk membiayai anak yang masih sekolah. NTP tertinggi karena luas lahan relatif luas yaitu 4 Ha. Faktor yang sangat berpengaruh terhadap tingkat NTP adalah luas lahan, gabah, dan anggota keluarga. Faktor usia, pengalaman, pendidikan, benih, pupuk, pestisida dan biaya tenaga kerja kurang berpengaruh terhadap NTP dan hubungannya terhadap NTP tidak signifikan.

 

Kata kunci : Nilai tukar petani, harga yang diterima, harga yang dibayar

 

Abstract

One of measurement tools of farmer’s buying power that reflects farmer’s welfare is Exchange Value of Farmer (EVF). This research are intended to identify development of the position of Exchange Value of Paddy Farmers and that of other food commodities in Indonesia in general, identify calculation of Exchange Value of Paddy Farmer and analyze factors that influenced Exchange Value of Paddy Farmer. Research was done in Jember district, East Java. The research result showed that EVF of paddy commodity experienced an increase and its position was higher than EVF of other food commodities. Meanwhile, EVF of corn, soybean, cassava, sweet potato experienced a decrease. EVF of paddy in Jember Regency was 203 in average ranging 16 to 392, where EVF was the lowest due to very narrow size of the land (0.13 ha). The highest EVF was caused by the relatively large size of the land (4 ha). The most influential factors on EVF were land size and, subsequently, price of paddy grains and family member. However, factors of age, experience, education, seeds, fertilizer and pesticide and cost of workers were less influential on EVF, and their correlation with EVF was significant.

Keywords : accepted price, exchange value of farmer, paid price

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Published

2012-05-11

Issue

Vol. 1 No. 2 (2010)

Section

Articles

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