Bird Assemblage and Preference to Tengger Sacred Trees: Conservation insights from Tengger Tribe, Indonesia

Authors

  • Agung Sih Kurnianto Postgraduate program, Brawijaya University
  • Živa Justinek Departement of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Kongresni trg 12 Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
  • Purnomo Purnomo Department of Biology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 1 Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Jati Batoro Department of Biology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 1 Malang 65145, Indonesia
  • Nia Kurniawan Department of Biology, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 1 Malang 65145, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpal.2017.008.02.01

Abstract

We investigated the bird composition and preference at visiting the sacred figs (Ficus sp.) and its adjacent area in two villages of Tengger tribe: Ngadas and Poncokusumo, Malang, Indonesia. We applied the point count method and the sacred tree became the center of point count circle. We recorded 16154 individual birds in 35 days of observation, consisted of 46 species and 24 families. The bird composition composed of 362 predators, 9452 insectivores, 6029 omnivores, 278 nectarivores, and 33 frugivores. The observed bird were recorded utilizing seedling (652 individuals), sapling (3122 individuals), pole (3440 individuals), perching on a tree (2782 individuals), and flying overs (6158 individuals). Most of the insectivores were recorded flying over, where this character is owned by Cave Swiftlet. Figs, as an important component at the sacred area, provides many important component that could support the bird life and regeneration process. The presence of sacred tree also improving the relation between birds and plants, higher than those in the urban area or natural forest, and resulted a positive impact to the sustainable system of its surrounding agriculture.

Keywords: Bird, fig, sacred area, Bromo Tengger Semeru

Downloads

Published

2017-08-07

Issue

Vol. 8 No. 2 (2017)

Section

Articles

License

Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:

  1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
  2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
  3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).