The True Seed of Shalott ( TSS ) Technology Production on Trisula Variety in East Java

One of the onion increasing production problem is the lack of quality seeds availability. In order to provide high quality seeds of high yield and available throughout the year, an improvement of seed technology is required. One of the developing onion seed technologies is onion seeding through TSS (true seed of shallot). TSS technology development is expected to overcome the problem of onion seeding in Indonesia. East Java as one of the production centers of onion requires in developing onion seeding technology through TSS. This study aims to apply and develop TSS production technology using Trisula varieties which has been done from April to December 2016 in Tulungrejo village, Bumiaji district, Batu. The result of TSS production technology implementation indicates that Trisula variety is able to produce 110,5 kg TSS. Based on its agro-ecology, Batu area has the potential as the center of TSS production in East Java.


INTRODUCTION 
In order to provide high quality onion seeds, high-yield and healthy with sufficient volume throughout the years, an improvement of the seeding technology is required.One alternative technology of the onion seed seedling is the use of botany seeds (TSS = True Seed of Shallot).The use of TSS is expected to overcome onion seeding in Indonesia because it can quantitatively accomplish onion seeds availability (to cover the lack of high quality onion seeds that reach 82,2%) and quality, such as higher productivity, healthier plants, more efficient use of seeds, long relative storage, the handling in warehouse and easier transportation [1];[2]; [3]; [4]; [5]; [6].With longer shelf life of TSS seeds (1-2) years, the problem inadequate seeds in every growing season can be overcome.
Currently, the use of TSS seeds in Indonesia has not developed as expected.TSS production development is more focused to dryland agro-ecosystem in highlands.This is instigated because the planting location affects TSS production.Highlands (temperature 16-18 o C) is a suitable location to increase onion peak [7].Therefore, TSS as a seed source will be more optimal if produced in the highlands with weather condition that are not foggy and windy.Flowering and seed formation on the onion is influenced by the environment, such as the duration of irradiation, temperature, humidity in addition to internal factors such as genetics or varieties, and the balance of ZPT.Low temperatures can stimulate the onion flowering [14].Onion plants require temperature of 9-12 o C in order to occur flowering induction [15].In the tropics, flowering induction was done by tuber verbalization before planting in refrigeration at 100° C for 4 weeks [8].Meanwhile, locations with altitudes >1000 m asl are suitable locations to produce a high percentage of onion flowering [11]; [7].The results of Putrasamedja and Permadi's research, 1994) show that varieties of Bima, Maja Cipanas and Kuning can reach flowering above 70% at planting in the Cipanas plateau [4].
This study aims to apply and develop TSS production technology with the use of Trisula varieties in East Java.

MATERIAL AND METHOD
The implementation of TSS production technology is conducted in Tulungrejo village, Bumiaji District, Batu with altitude of 1.400 m The True Seed of Shalott (TSS) Technology Production (Prahardini, et al.) above sea level start with implementation time from April to December 2016.TSS production technology is implemented by Rosliani (2015). Plant varieties of Trisula onion are planted with planting distance 20 cm x 20 cm on BED as much as 41 units and the area of each bed 11 m 2 .Distance between bed 1,1 m.The True Seed of Shalott (TSS) Technology Production (Prahardini, et al.)  The Institutional Option as the respondents priority in each production location (AHP analysis material) RESULT AND DISCUSSION Vegetative Growth of Mother Plant Plated onion varieties are Trisula varieties produced by Research Institute Vegetables Lembang.Vernalization treatment conducted in Lembang, Bandung using cold storage with temperature of 10 o C for 4 weeks.
The observation results of vegetative growth of onion mother plants at ages 2, 4 and 6 weeks are presented in Tables 1, 2 and 3, respectively.
From Table 1, 2 and 3 it can be seen that the growth of mother plants of Onion Trisula variety is very good.At 2 weeks after planting, the percentage of seed growing reached 96% with the average of plant height reach 24.12 cm and the average number of tillers per cluster 4.76 stems.Good vegetative cultivation is indicated by the average number of leaves of 17.1 strands and the color of green leaves even though the leaves are less muscular.
At the age of observation which is 4 weeks after planting, the average height of the plant reached 32.7 cm with the average number of tillers 7.13 per cluster and the average number of leaves 28.33, green leaf color.At the age of 4 weeks after planting has formed flowers with a percentage of flowers appear about 20%.Flowers that form reach 1 -4 flower stalks per plant cluster.
At the age of 6 weeks after planting observation, there is an increasing growth of plant height, number of tillers, and number of leaves and the increasing of formed flower percentage.The average plant height reached 41.12 cm, with an average number of tillers 8.0 and the average number of leaves 33.3.The percentage of formed flower reaches approximately 75%.While the average amount of flowers reached 3.07 per plant cluster.However, at the age of 6 weeks after planting, formed flowers 1 -5 flower stalks per plant cluster.
The growth of onion's mother plants, good Trisula varieties quality cannot be separated from environmental conditions.The existing environmental conditions (Table 4) support the growth of onion mother plants of Trisula varieties.This is in line with Samadi and Cahyono (1996) who argued that onion growth is strongly influenced by environmental factors, particularly temperature and humidity.The True Seed of Shalott (TSS) Technology Production (Prahardini, et al.)

Botanical Seed Production/TSS
The observation results on the TSS components production of Trisula varieties in detail are presented in Table 5.From Table 5 it can be seen that the ability of Trisula varieties to produce TSS is quite optimal.Optimal TSS production of Trisula varieties is indicated by the number of flowers per cluster and the number of capsules per flower as well as the number of capsules per cluster produced.Trisula varieties have the ability to produce flowers per cluster in the range 3-9.Meanwhile, the number of capsules produced per flower in the range 25 -150 and the number of capsules per cluster produced in the range 150 -900.With the number of flowers and capsules which produced quite a lot, then TSS production which produced by Trisula varieties is quite large.Considering the number of flowers, the number of capsules and the number of seeds and the weight of the seed per capsule, the potential for TSS production is produced by Trisula varieties in the range of 110-120 kg per hectare.The production of TSS as much as it can be used as a source seed on onion cultivation on a wide range of 25-30 hectares.
Based on such facts, Batu has potential as a production center for TSS in East Java.This is in line suggested that the flowering and production of botanical seeds / TSS in the highlands is greater than the plateau [7].It was further suggested that to increase the formation of onion seeds requires a temperature in the range 17 -19˚C.Indonesia's air temperature of that scope is only in the plateau> 1,000 m above sea level.Batu is one of the areas in East Java that has a high enough plateau area.
Indonesian Agency of Agricultural Research and Development has produced the components of