Water Quality Analysis and Water Pollution Effect from Upstream to Downstream of Brantas River - East Java

Authors

  • Rony Irawanto Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Alfin Fatwa M Afifudin Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Indonesia
  • Anggraini Aurina Putri Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Nadila Wulan Cahyani Biology, Faculty of Science and Data Analysis, Institut Teknologi Sepuluh Nopember, Indonesia
  • Farhani Nurshafa Rahmania Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim, Indonesia
  • Soemarno Postgraduate School, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Amin Setyo Leksono Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
  • Bagyo Yanuwiadi Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
  • Catur Retnaningdyah Department of Biology, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Brawijaya, Malang, Indonesia
  • Harsuko Riniwati Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Science, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia
  • Sugiyanto Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Brawijaya, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21776/ub.jpal.2024.015.01.04

Abstract

Brantas River is the largest river in East Java, flowing from the city of Batu upstream until downstream in Surabaya and Sidoarjo. This river plays a crucial role as a vital natural resource that supports the various needs of the surrounding communities. This study serves as a preliminary investigation with the primary aim of assessing the water quality in three different zones of the Brantas River: the upper, middle, and downstream sites. Additionally, this research includes a review to identify the organisms exposed to water pollution in the Brantas River. The study was conducted from November 2020 to April 2023, utilizing an exploratory observational method at 19 observation stations. The data obtained was subsequently analyzed using a descriptive approach. Various parameters were observed, including pH (a measure of acidity or alkalinity), hardness (the concentration of calcium and magnesium ions), alkalinity (the capacity of water to neutralize acids), nitrate, nitrite, fluoride, and heavy metals such as lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and iron (Fe). The research findings indicate that in several upstream areas of the Brantas River, there were elevated hardness, nitrate, lead (Pb), and iron (Fe) that exceeded the established water quality standards. In the middle section of the river, water quality was generally satisfactory, although a few locations exhibited slightly elevated levels of lead (Pb). Meanwhile, all locations downstream of the Brantas River demonstrated water quality that exceeded the prescribed standards. After a literature review, it was discovered that various biota in the Brantas River have been exposed to pollutants, including fish species and plants like Ipomea aquatica and Eichhornia crassipes. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to improve water management and monitoring plants and biota in the Brantas River to preserve organisms in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems.

Keywords: Brantas river, pollution, water quality

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Published

2024-05-27

Issue

Vol. 15 No. 1 (2024): Jurnal Pembangunan dan Alam Lestari

Section

Articles

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Copyright (c) 2024 Rony Irawanto, Alfin Fatwa M Afifudin, Anggraini Aurina Putri, Nadila Wulan Cahyani, Farhani Nurshafa Rahmania, Soemarno, Amin Setyo Leksono, Bagyo Yanuwiadi, Catur Retnaningdyah, Harsuko Riniwati, Sugiyanto

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